DD5合金表面激光熔化沉积CoMoCrSi/Y2O3 复合涂层的微观组织与力学性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.226

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (2): 108-118 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.226

研究论文

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DD5合金表面激光熔化沉积CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ 复合涂层的微观组织与力学性能

刘伟军¹^,², 张广泰¹^,²(

), 卞宏友¹^,²(

), 于兴福¹^,², 王慧儒¹^,², 糟伊洁³^,⁴

^1.沈阳工业大学机械工程学院沈阳 110870
^2.辽宁省激光表面工程技术重点实验室沈阳 110870
^3.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
^4.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ Composite Coatings on DD5 Single Crystal Superalloy by Laser Melting Deposition

LIU Weijun¹^,², ZHANG Guangtai¹^,²(

), BIAN Hongyou¹^,²(

), YU Xingfu¹^,², WANG Huiru¹^,², ZAO Yijie³^,⁴

^1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^2.Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Surface Engineering Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^4.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

刘伟军, 张广泰, 卞宏友, 于兴福, 王慧儒, 糟伊洁. DD5合金表面激光熔化沉积CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ 复合涂层的微观组织与力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(2): 108-118.
Weijun LIU, Guangtai ZHANG, Hongyou BIAN, Xingfu YU, Huiru WANG, Yijie ZAO. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ Composite Coatings on DD5 Single Crystal Superalloy by Laser Melting Deposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(2): 108-118.

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摘要:

采用激光熔化沉积技术在DD5单晶合金表面制备CoMoCrSi合金涂层和CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃复合涂层，研究了涂层的微观组织、相含量、晶粒尺寸、显微硬度和耐磨性能。结果表明：制备工艺参数相同的CoMoCrSi合金涂层和CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃复合涂层其表面都没有宏观裂纹和气孔等缺陷，与基体之间的冶金结合良好。与CoMoCrSi合金涂层相比，CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃复合涂层中Laves相的平均晶粒尺寸减小12.17%，Co₃Mo₂Si型Laves相和Y₅Si₃第二相的含量分别提高到50.1%和0.7%。复合涂层中相析出的顺序为：Co基固溶体初始析出—Co₃Mo₂Si型Laves相次生析出—Y₅Si₃第二相的末端析出。CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃复合涂层的平均显微硬度为803.4HV_0.5，比CoMoCrSi合金涂层高10.19%；平均摩擦系数和磨损质量损失分别降低到0.308和3.2 mg。在复合涂层的磨损表面生成的连续致密的保护性氧化膜，抑制了涂层的塑性变形和磨损损伤，使其耐磨性能显著提高。

关键词 ：金属材料, CoMoCrSi合金, 激光熔化沉积, Y₂O₃, 细晶强化, 析出强化, 耐磨性能

Abstract：

To enhance the wear resistance of DD5 single crystal superalloy under severe frictional service conditions, CoMoCrSi alloy coating and CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ composite coating are fabricated on its surface via laser melting deposition. The microstructure, phase composition, grain size, microhardness, and wear resistance of the coatings are systematically investigated. Results show that by identical processing parameters, the CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ composite coating and CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ composite coating exhibit a smooth and compact surface without visible cracks or pores, and achieves good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Compared with the CoMoCrSi alloy coating, the average grain size of Laves phase in the composite coating is reduced by 12.17%. The volume fractions of Co₃Mo₂Si-type Laves phase and Y₅Si₃ secondary phase increase to 50.1% and 0.7%, respectively. The phase formation sequence is as follows: Co-based solid solution precipitates first, followed by the secondary precipitation of Co₃Mo₂Si-type Laves phase, and finally the terminal precipitation of Y₅Si₃ secondary phase. Moreover, the composite coating exhibits an increased average microhardness of 803.4HV_0.5, representing a 10.19% improvement over the CoMoCrSi alloy coating. Correspondingly the average coefficient of friction and the wear mass loss are reduced to 0.308 and 3.2 mg, respectively. It follows that a continuous and compact protective oxide scale forms on the worn surface, which may facilitate effectively the suppressing of plastic deformation and wear damage. These improvements contribute to the significantly enhanced wear resistance of the CoMoCrSi/Y₂O₃ composite coating.

Key words： metallic materials CoMoCrSi alloy laser melting deposition Y₂O₃ fine grain strengthening precipitation strengthening wear resistance

收稿日期: 2025-07-15

ZTFLH:

TN249

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4602402);沈阳市科学技术计划自然科学基金专项(24-102-6-03)

通讯作者: 张广泰，zgt@smail.sut.edu.cn，研究方向为高温合金的激光增材制造及修复、表面改性涂层等;
卞宏友，教授，bhy@sia.cn，研究方向为增材制造、激光增材再制造、激光清洗、柔性局部热处理技术等

Corresponding author: ZHANG Guangtai, Tel: 17609826662, E-mail: zgt@smail.sut.edu.cn;
BIAN Hongyou, Tel: 18040036511, E-mail: bhy@sia.cn

作者简介: 刘伟军，男，1969年生，教授

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图1 CoMoCrSi 合金粉末、Y2O3粉末以及CoMoCrSi/Y2O3复合粉末的形貌

表1 DD5单晶合金基体和CoMoCrSi合金粉末的化学成分

图2 激光熔化沉积的设备

图3 涂层的宏观形貌

图4 涂层的微观组织形貌

图5 涂层微观组织的EDS面扫描结果

图6 涂层的EBSD相分布

图7 相析出时序和晶粒尺寸的演变机理

图8 Laves相的EBSD晶粒尺寸分布

图9 基体和涂层的平均显微硬度

图10 基体和涂层的摩擦系数与时间关系和磨损的质量损失

图11 基体和涂层磨损表面的形貌以及EDS面扫描结果

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