N-doped hierarchical porous carbon (HPCT) was synthesized by adjusting the final activation temperature, with indole as carbon and nitrogen source, CaO as template coupled with KOH activation, and then the adsorption performance of acid orange 74 on HPCT was investigated. BET results show that the surface area of HPCT increases with the increase of activation temperature. The specific surface area of the as-made HPC900 is up to 1629 m2/g when the final activation temperature was 900℃. The FESEM and TEM results demonstrate that the HPCT has the interconnected layer structure. With the rising activation temperature the wall width of HPCT becomes thinner. XPS results show that nitrogen functional groups existed on the HPCT surface, the content of C-NH2 increases gradually as temperature rose. The above functional group is conducive to the π-π stacking effect and electrostatic interaction with absorbate acid orange 74, which is beneficial to the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm results indicate that the adsorption process could be described by Freundlich model, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of which was more than 270 mg/g by the equilibrium concentration of 50 mg/L. The kinetic results show that the pseudo first-order kinetic equation can better describe the adsorption process, while the physical adsorption is the rate-control step.

以吲哚为碳源、氧化钙为模板耦合KOH活化并调节活化终温，制备出表面掺氮的层状分级多孔炭(HPC_T)，研究了其对酸性橙74的吸附性能。结果表明：随着活化温度的提高这种多孔炭的比表面积增大，活化终温为900℃时制得的HPC₉₀₀比表面积高达1629 m²/g。这种炭材料具有相互连接的层状结构，且随着活化温度的提高炭壁层变薄。这种炭材料的表面有丰富的含氮官能团C-NH₂，随着活化温度的提高C-NH₂的含量随之提高。C-NH₂官能团与酸性橙74发生π-π堆积效应或静电相互作用，有利于提高其吸附性能。Freundlich模型能很好地描述HPC_T对染料的吸附过程，在50 mg/L的平衡浓度下HPC₉₀₀对废水中酸性橙74的吸附量超过270 mg/g；拟一级动力学方程能更好的描述HPC_T对酸性橙74的吸附过程，物理吸附为控速步骤。

Carboxylic acid grafted starch adsorption resin (CSR) was synthesized by using natural starch (RS) as matrix, acrylic acid (AA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) as raw materials in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) and sodium bisulfite (SHS). The resulted CSR product was characterized by SEM, IR, XRD, 13C-NMR and GPC. The results show that when the initiator concentration was 0.03 mol/L, the monomer mass ratio n (AA): n (VAc) was 3:1 and the monomer concentration was 0.8 mol/l, the prepared CSR product presents the carboxyl group content of 19.26% with adsorption capacity of 17.35mg/g for malachite green, in other words, the water resistance and chemical stability and the tolerance to acid, alkali and enzyme of CSR resin were enhanced in comparison to those of the natural starch. After alkali treatment the adsorption capacity of the resin can be further improved. Linear molecules in CSR resin gradually transformed into branched type, resulting in complex network structure of macromolecules. The molecular mass of the main chain of CSR decreased with the increase of monomer dosage and AA / VAc ratio. The adsorption capacity of CSR for basic fuchsin (BF), methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) is better than that of 001×7 strong acid ion exchange resin, D151 weak acid ion exchange resin, carboxymethyl cellulose CMC and carboxymethyl starch CMS and other synthetic and natural polymer adsorbents. The CSR has broad-spectrum of adsorption closed to that of active carbon. The zerocharge point pHpzc of CSR was 3.83, which was much lower than that of natural starch resin (pHpzc=7.38), that may be an important reason for the increase of adsorption capacity of cationic dyes. The CSR has good dye adsorption performance in a wide range of pH values, and the adsorption capacity reaches the maximum value when pH=8.5. The decolorization rate of CSR for mixed dye waste water was 87.42%. Finally the CSR had strong regeneration ability. Even after eight regeneration cycles, its decolorization rate was not lower than 88.6% of the initial adsorption ability.

Zr-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) UIO-66-NH2 was modified with methacrylate anhydride, and then the modified MOFs were deposited onto polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric while real-time curing assisted by UV irradiation to prepare composite of MOFS/nonwoven fabric (PSP). The changes of crystal form and morphology of UIO-66-NH2 before and after modification were analyzed, and the binding fastness of MOFs (UIO-66-NH2-MET) to PP nonwovens was examined, and the effect of adsorption conditions on the adsorption properties of PSP composite was investigated. The results show that UIO-66-NH2-MET could be prepared through modifying the UIO-66-NH2 structure with methacrylate anhydride group. After modification, the crystal structure of MOFs remained unchanged and the original frame structure was retained. UIO-66-NH2-MET has good fastness on PP nonwovens. No mass loss occurred after repeated washing, and the PSP composite retained good adsorption effect. The optimum conditions for PSP composites to adsorb methylene blue (MB) are as follows: The initial concentration of the dye was 50 mg/L, the adsorption time was 300 min, and the pH value was 9.

用甲基丙烯酸酐对锆基MOFs UiO-66-NH₂进行改性，然后用紫外光固化将改性后的MOFs UiO-66-NH₂负载于聚丙烯(PP)非织造布制备出MOFs与非织造布(PSP)复合材料。分析了改性前后UiO-66-NH₂的晶型和形貌变化并测试了MOFs(UiO-66-NH₂-MET)与PP非织造布的结合牢度，测试了吸附条件对PSP复合材料吸附性能的影响。结果表明：通过在UiO-66-NH₂结构中修饰甲基丙烯酸酐基团制备出UiO-66-NH₂-MET，改性后MOFs的晶型结构没有变化，保留了原有的框架结构；UiO-66-NH₂-MET与PP非织造布间有良好的结合牢度。PSP复合材料经历多次水洗后未发生质量损失，保留了良好的吸附效果；PSP复合材料吸附亚甲基蓝(MB)的最佳条件为：染料的初始浓度为50 mg/L，吸附时间为300 min，pH值为9。

用标准单辊甩带技术在大气环境下制备Fe_73.5Si_13.5-_xGe_xB₉Cu₁Nb₃(x=3, 6)非晶条带, 分别在470℃、510℃、550℃和590℃对非晶条带进行真空等温退火1 h后, 在非晶基体中形成了纳米晶相。用X射线衍射(XRD), 透射电镜(TEM)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量研究了快淬态和热处理后样品的结构和结晶动力学。基于差热分析的数据, 使用Kissinger, Ozawa和Augis-Bennett模型计算了非晶条带的结晶激活能, 利用Johnson-Mehl-Avrami(JMA)方程计算了非晶条带初始结晶的局域Avrami因子n。局域Avrami因子n随晶化体积分数α的显著变化说明, 非晶条带非等温初始结晶的机理在不同的晶化阶段是不同的。晶化初期的机理是扩散控制的三维形核和晶粒生长的整体晶化, 形核速率逐渐减小; 晶化中后期为一维形核和生长的表面晶化过程, 形核速率近似为零。基于XRD和TEM测量结果, 分别在510℃、550℃和590℃真空等温退火1 h后, 在Fe_73.5Si_13.5-_xGe_xB₉Cu₁Nb₃(x=3, 6)非晶条带中析出的α-Fe (Si, Ge)相的平均晶粒尺寸D小于15 nm。

进行了[(Fe_100-_xCo_x)_71.2B₂₄Y_4.8]₉₆Nb₄(x=0~60)和[(Fe_100-_xNi_x)_71.2B₂₄Y_4.8]₉₆Nb₄(x=0~20)块体非晶合金的热膨胀实验。结果表明,加入Co和Ni使合金的因瓦效应减弱,替代量x相同时减弱的程度也基本相同。这些结果说明,添加Co和Ni对Fe原子局域结构的主要影响是减少了Fe-Fe原子对的数目。同时还发现,居里温度与磁性相变结束后的热膨胀系数呈反向变化,与结构弛豫导致的自由体积释放有关。

Nano-porous Co was prepared by electrochemically dealloying of Zr56Al16Co28 amorphous alloy in 0.5%(mass fraction) NH4F and 1 mol/L (NH4)2SO4 mixed solution. Nano-porous Co has the bicontinuous porous structure with large specific surface area and fast charge transfer ability. The prepared nano-porous Co exhibits good performance in many aspects: firstly, it delivers a high specific capacitance of 318 F/g at 2 A/g, suggesting its good performance as supercapacitor electrode; secondly, it exhibits degradation efficiencies under square wave potential as high as 96% for Direct Blue 6 and Acid Orange II respectively. The degradation ability of nano-porous Co electrode per unit mass is 3.5 times higher than that of Zr56Al16Co28 amorphous alloy electrode.

A novel magnetic amino acid functionalized aluminum alginate gel polymer Gly/Al/SA@Fe3O4 was prepared via droplet polymerization technique with sodium alginate (SA) as raw material, which was crosslinked with Al(Ⅲ) ions, while glycine (Gly) and Fe3O4 were simultaneously added. The prepared Gly/Al/SA@Fe3O4 was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Its absorption performance for azo dyes was also investigated. The results show that Gly/Al/SA@Fe3O4 is a kind of three-dimensional network-like polymer particles with a fancy fold structure on the surface, and its magnetic response ability is good. Gly/Al/SA@Fe3O4 shows strong adsorption performance with high adsorption rate for Direct Black 19(DB 19) and Direct Brown 2(DB 2) dyes in water. The dynamic equilibrium adsorption capacities reached 2500 mg/L and 3126 mg/L, respectively for the above two dyes in 15min and 60 min. The adsorption process can be described by a quasi-second-order rate equation, and the isothermal adsorption data conform to Langmuir model. The interaction between the adsorbents and dye molecules was synergistic through electrostatic adsorption, hydrogen bonding, ligand exchange and chemisorption. Gly/Al/SA@Fe3O4 particles are green and environment-friendly, and have strong water purification ability for wastewater containing high concentration azo dye, therefore, it can be used for rapid solid-liquid separation with magnetic field.

以海藻酸钠为原料，采用液滴聚合法将其与Al(Ⅲ)离子交联并引入甘氨酸和Fe₃O₄，制备出磁性氨基酸功能化海藻酸铝凝胶聚合物(Gly/Al/SA@Fe₃O₄)，使用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对其表征，研究了这种凝胶聚合物对偶氮染料的吸附性能。结果表明，Gly/Al/SA@Fe₃O₄是一种表面具有花式褶皱结构的三维网状聚合物颗粒，其磁响应能力良好。Gly/Al/SA@Fe₃O₄对水体中直接黑19(DB 19)和直接棕2(DB 2)染料的吸附性能超强，吸附速率极高，吸附15 min和60 min达到动态平衡的吸附量分别为2500和3126 mg/L。吸附过程可用拟二级速率方程描述，等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模型。吸附剂与染料分子间的相互作用通过静电吸附、氢键作用、配体交换和化学吸附协同实现。Gly/Al/SA@Fe₃O₄颗粒绿色环保，对高浓度偶氮染料废水有超强的净水性能，并可用磁场进行快速固液分离。

Amorphous Co-W-B was deposited on carbon cloth (CC) to fabricate a self-supported Co-W-B/CC composite electrode by using chemical reduction method. Electrochemical analysis show that Co-W-B/CC materials exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance for electrolysis of water in 1 mol/L NaOH solution. Among others, the Co-50W-B/CC (the ratio of [WO42-]/([WO42-]+[Co2+]) is 50% in the synthesis process) shows the best electrocatalytic activity, i.e. for the Co-50W-B/CC catalyst, when the low overpotential is 0.394 V by ampere density of 10mA/cm2, the corresponding Tafel slope is 96.8 mV/dec for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whilst when the overpotential is 0.098 V by ampere density of -10 mA/cm2, the corresponding Tafel slope is 117.4 mV/dec for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). EIS analysis result implies that the Co-50W-B/CC possesses nearly the same catalytic activity as the noble metal-based materials at low current density, which can mainly be attributed to both the high intrinsic catalytic activity and the large electrochemical active area.

通过湿化学还原在碳布(CC)表面沉积非晶Co-W-B催化活性物质，制备一种自支撑Co-W-B/碳布(Co-W-B/CC)复合电极材料。电化学研究结果表明，Co-W-B/CC材料在NaOH溶液(1 mol/L)中表现出良好的电解水催化性能。制备过程中[WO₄^2-]/([WO₄^2-]+[Co²⁺])比值为50%的Co-50W-B/CC样品其催化活性最高：10 mA/cm²时的OER过电位为0.394V，OER过程的Tafel斜率为96.8 mV/dec；-10 mA/cm²时的HER过电位为0.098 V，HER过程的Tafel斜率为117.4 mV/dec。对电化学阻抗的分析结果表明，本征催化活性和电化学活性面积两者的提高，使Co-50W-B/CC样品在较低的电流密度下具有与贵金属基材料相近的催化活性。

Thin film of high entropy FeCoNiMoCr alloy was deposited on Ti substrate by magnetron sputtering method to obtain high entropy film electrode. The surface morphology, composition, phase constituent, structure and performance of the electrode were characterized by means of surface profilometer, SEM-EDS, XRD and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the electrode surface is rough, the constituent elements are evenly distributed, the film thickness is about 2.40 μm, and the film is amorphous. The electrode showed good oxygen evolution performance and good stability in the alkaline solution. Under the condition of current density of 10.0 mA/cm2, the overpotential was 360 mV, the Tafel slope was 73.45 mV/dec. Under the condition of overpotential of 360 mV, the current density was not significantly attenuated after continuous use for 24 hours. The results of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance analysis show that due to the improved intrinsic catalytic activity, the film electrode have electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance better than that of the noble metal oxide RuO2 (over potential 409 mV, Tafel slope 94.18 mV/dec).

用磁控溅射法在Ti基底上沉积了FeCoNiMoCr高熵合金薄膜并制成电极，用SEM和EDS观察和分析了电极表面和横截面的形貌和元素分布，用表面轮廓测量仪测量了电极的表面粗糙度，用XRD分析了电极的物相和结构，使用电化学工作站表征了电极的电化学性能。结果表明，电极的表面粗糙、元素分布均匀，电极上的膜厚约为2.40 μm，薄膜呈非晶态。电极在碱性溶液中表现出良好的析氧性能和稳定性。在电流密度为10.0 mA/cm²条件下，过电位为360 mV、Tafel斜率为73.45 mV/dec。在过电位为360 mV的条件下连续使用24 h，电流密度没有明显的衰减。循环伏安实验和电化学阻抗分析的结果表明，FeCoNiMoCr高熵合金薄膜本征催化活性的提高使电极的电催化析氧性能优于贵金属RuO₂(过电位为409 mV，Tafel斜率为94.18 mV/dec)。

An efficient heterogeneous catalyst, Fe-based metallic glass (Fe–Si–B amorphous ribbon), was successfully prepared for Fenton-like degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) by a melt-spinning method. The catalyst was characterized using XRD and SEM. The effects of various reaction parameters such as H2O2 dosage, temperature, initial pH value, Fe–Si–B dosage and initial RhB concentration on the degradation of RhB were studied. Almost complete degradation of RhB (20 mg L−1) was achieved within only 10 min by 0.5 g L−1 Fe–Si–B catalyst and 1.6 mM H2O2 at pH 3.0 at 295 K. Kinetic analyses showed that the degradation process could be described by a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The catalytic stability was also investigated and it was found that the Fe–Si–B catalyst exhibited good structural stability and no loss of performance even after three cycles. It was concluded that the Fe–Si–B amorphous ribbon was a potential heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for industrial wastewater treatment.

Metallic glasses with the unique disordered atomic structure and metastable nature have been recently applied to degrade the azo dyes and other organic pollutants based on their superior catalytic performance. In this work, the functional properties of six CuZr-based metallic glassy ribbons with the different nominal components in degrading Acid Orange Ⅱ (AO Ⅱ) azo dyes were investigated. The Cu47.5Zr46Al6.5 metallic glassy ribbons could exhibit the more advanced catalytic performance for degradation process, which could completely degrade azo dye aqueous solution within 30 min. Additionally, the Cu47.5Zr46Al6.5 metallic glassy ribbons also showed the excellent cyclic stability along with approximately 97.68 % degradation efficiency after 10 cycles. These excellent catalytic performance and stability are closely related to the synergistic effect of exposed copper nanoparticles and produced copper oxides in the reaction, which contributes to accelerate the generation of more hydroxyl radicals (·OH) to react with dye molecules. Our findings can be able to develop a novel potential metallic glassy material for the functional application of wastewater treatment.