*Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 51371022, the Central College Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses Special Funds No. 2015JBM076, China Railway Corporation Science and Technology Research and Development Program No. 2015J008-C.;
Al-alloy A356 was treated by scanning micro arc oxidation (SMAO) method. The voltage-time and coating thickness-time curves were recorded. The microstructure, composition,phase constituent and microhardness profile of coatings werecharacterized. The corrosion behavior of the composite was evaluated by polarization test. Results show that the coating deposited in silicate electrolyte consists of α-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3 and mullite. The coating and the substrate presented excellent metallurgical bonding. Compared with the common micro arc oxidation (CMAO) coatings on A356 alloy, the SMAO coating contained higher amount of α-Al2O3 phase withless porous, and possessed higher micro hardness. However, after treatment by either CMAO or SMAO, the corrosion resistance of A356 alloy was significantly improved.
Fig.4
Surface morphologies of the A356 alloy treated by CMAO (a) and SMAO (c) respectively (interelectrode gap 5 mm, 0.1 mm/s scanning velocity); (b, d) high magnification of Fig.4a, c
CUIXuejun, LIXiaofei, LITe, LINXiuzhou, Negative voltage on structure and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy,Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 36(2), 137(2016))
LIYuhai, ZHANGBaibing, DONGXuguang, WANGShuai, Comparative study on corrosion resistance of micro arc oxidation ceram
Approximately 30 μm alumina coating was deposited on an LY12 aluminum alloy substrate using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process in H_3BO_3-KOH electrolyte solution with Na_2WO_4 addition varying from 0 g/L to 6 g/L. The MAO process was studied by measuring the voltage as a function to time. The coating layers were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope with respect to the phases and microstructures and by testing micro-hardness and the wear resistance with respect to the properties. The results show that Na_2WO_4 concentration has direct effects on the behavior of the MAO process and the quality of the MAO coatings. The final phases in the coating were found to be α-Al_2O_3 and both γ-Al_2O_3 and a tiny amount of tungsten (W). Without addition of Na_2WO_4, the MAO coating process cannot successfully proceed. With increasing Na_2WO_4 concentration in the electrolyte, the working voltage at the micro-arc discharge stage decreases; the thickness and content of the α-Al_2O_3 phase in the coating reduce. The micro-hardness and the wear resistance are enhanced as the content of α-Al_2O_3 phase increases.
WangP, Li JP, Guo YongC, WANGJ, YangZ, LiangM, The formation mechanism of the composited ceramic coating with thermal protection feature on an Al-12Si piston alloy via a modified PEO process,Journal of Alloy and Compounds, 682, 357(2016)
A cast Al 12Si system piston alloy was treated by a modified plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process with different zirconia sol additions in sodium silicate electrolyte. The microstructure characteristics and formation mechanism of the coating were investigated by SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and laser particle size analyzer. Compared with the conventional electrolyte, the coating formed in the PEO with zirconia sol addition has more uniform morphology, less micropores and the faster growth rate. It was confirmed that the sol particle adsorbed on the substrate surface at first, and then formed a thin zirconia gel layer, which can restrain the effect of Si phase on plasma discharge and Al 2 O 3 formation. At the high temperature of plasma discharge, the gel particles entered the discharge channels and then were sintered into ZrO 2 ceramic particles. As a result, a tri-phase composite ceramic coating, Al 2 O 3 ZrO 2 together with small amount SiO 2 , was formed on the substrate alloy.
WenL, WangY, JinY, LiuB, ZhouY, SunD, Microarc oxidation of 2024 Al alloy using spraying polar and its influence on microstructure and corrosion behavior,Surface and Coatings Technology, 228, 92(2013)
Spraying microarc oxidation (SMAO) equipment, consisting of a mini microarc oxidation (MAO) power source and a movable spraying polar, was employed to solve the problem that field repair of local damage area on workpiece and larger workpiece cannot be immersed in the electrolyzer for conventional microarc oxidation (CMAO) process. SMAO coatings were fabricated on the surface of 2024 Al alloy samples using a self-made SMAO equipment system. Electrochemical techniques were employed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of CMAO and SMAO coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The results indicated that SMAO coating is thinner than CMAO coating under the same experimental conditions. SMAO coating treated for 10 min can be easily penetrated by the test solution, while treated for 20 and 30 min, the coatings with much better corrosion resistance can be fabricated. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
WANGYaming, HANXiaodong, GUOLixin, OUYANGJiahu, JIADechang, ZHOUYu, Microarcoxidation process with spraying cathode applied to LY12 alloy,Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 30(2), 121(2009)
PogrebnjakA, TyurinY, The structure and properties of Al2O3 and Al coatings deposited by microarc oxidation on graphite substrates,Technical Physics, 49, 1064(2004)
<a name="Abs1"></a>Protective α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coatings on the surface of a graphite article have been obtained by method of electric-arc metallization with aluminum and microarc oxidation (anodic spark process). Investigation of the obtained coating by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and proton elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) showed good quality of the Al and α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coatings on graphite. The proposed technology can be used for obtaining protective coatings in low-accessible sites of graphite articles.
Khromov VN, Kuznetsov JA, Novikov AN, Method for anodizingmetals and alloys, RussianPatent, 2163272(1999)
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XIALingqin, HANJianmin, CUIShihai, YANGZhiyong, LIWeijing, Growth law and properties of ceramic coatings on SiCp/A356 composite fabricated by micro-arc oxidation,Journal of Materials Engineering, 44(1), 40(2016)
XUEWenbin, HUAMing, SHIXiuling, TIANHua, Growth kinetics of microarc oxidation films on cast aluminum alloy and their corrosion resistance,Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 35(6), 731(2007)
LIJunming, CAIHui, XUEXiaonan, JIANGBailing, The outward-inward growth behavior of microarc oxidation coatings in phosphate and silicate solution, Mater. Lett., 64(19), 2102(2010)
Microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings have a unique outward–inward growth behavior, which is crucial to the dimensional matching of precision-matching parts after surface treatment. Here, a notably different outward–inward growth behavior of MAO coatings was observed in phosphate solution and silicate solution, respectively. The results indicate that the outward-growth dimension of MAO coating in Na 2 SiO 3 solution is notably larger than that in (NaPO 3 ) 6 solution, especially at the initial stage of MAO treatment, but as an increase of oxidation time, the inward-growth behavior enhances in both solutions. It is considered that the different adsorptive capacity of solute anions leads to the various outward–inward growth behaviors of MAO coatings in phosphate solution and silicate solution.
Wang JH, Du MH, Han FZ, YangJ, Effects of the ratio of anodic and cathodic currents on the characteristics of micro-arc oxidation ceramic coatings on Al alloys,Applied Surface Science, 292, 658(2014)
The micro-arc oxidation (MAO) has increasingly gained attention as a novel and unique technique for depositing thick, dense, and ultra-hard ceramic coatings on aluminum and its alloys substrates. For the MAO technology, discharge parameter, especially the cathodic current, has an important effect on the characteristics of ceramic coatings. But the effects of the ratio of anodic and cathodic currents on properties of the ceramic coatings on Al alloys are rarely studied. This work investigates the effects of the ratio of anodic and cathodic currents under the constant current density on morphology, phase composition, microstructure, and properties of ceramic coatings on 6061 Al alloys. It is found that the ceramic coatings surface roughness Ra is decreasing, and the hardness of ceramic coatings is increasing with the decrease of the ratio. The ceramic coatings are mainly composed of a large amount of alpha-Al2O3 and gamma-Al2O3. The content of alpha-Al2O3 in the ceramic coatings increases with the decrease of the ratio. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
SternM, Geary AL, Electrochemical polarization I. A theoretical analysis of the shape of polarization curves,Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 104(1), 56(1957)
At low overvoltage values, deviations from Tafel behavior for a noncorroding electrode are due primarily to the reverse reaction of the oxidation-reduction system, and at high overvoltages to concentration and/or resistance polarization. It is shown further that the practice of placing straight lines through a few experimental points is extremely hazardous, while the indiscriminate introduction of
WANGYong, TIANYing, GUOQuanzong, GUOXinghua,DUKeqin,WANGFuhui, Effect of cathodic current density on compactness of micro arc oxidation film on LY12 al alloy,Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 33(6), 475(2013)