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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2025, Vol. 39 Issue (7): 510-520    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.411
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Mechanical Properties of W-Y2O3 Composites as Candidate of the First Wall Material Faced Plasma
CHEN Yuming1,2, ZHU Xiaoyong1,2,3, TAN Xiaoyue1,2,3, LIU Jiaqin3,4,5, WU Yucheng1,2,3()
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
2.National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
3.National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Advanced Energy and Environmental Materials, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
4.College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
5.Engineering Research Center of Advanced Composite Materials Design & Application of Anhui Province, Hefei 230051, China
Cite this article: 

CHEN Yuming, ZHU Xiaoyong, TAN Xiaoyue, LIU Jiaqin, WU Yucheng. Mechanical Properties of W-Y2O3 Composites as Candidate of the First Wall Material Faced Plasma. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2025, 39(7): 510-520.

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Abstract  

Tungsten and tungsten-based materials are one of the most promising candidate of the first wall material faced plasma atmospheres for future nuclear fusion devices, and their brittleness and mechanical properties have always been the focus of attention. Herein, the tensile behavior at 300~800 °C of W-Y2O3 composites after recrystallization annealed at different temperatures and pure W after stress relief annealed were comparatively assessed at 300~800 °Cvia high temperature tensile testing machine, in terms of the effect of addition of rare earth oxide Y2O3 on the mechanical properties of W-composites. It was found that with the increasing temperature, the tensile strength of W and W-Y2O3 composites decreased gradually, and the corresponding break elongation increased first and then decreased; while the tensile behavior of W and W-Y2O3 composites all follow the ductile-brittle transition process, namely brittleness-pseudoplasticity-intrinsic plasticity. If tensile testing at the same temperature, W-Y2O3 composites exhibit better high plastic behavior than pure W. Whereas, W-Y2O3 composites present the best plasticity and toughness at 600 oC, with a break elongation even up to ~46%. In addition, from the acquired tensile curves, it is found that the temperature at which pure W exhibits plastic behavior is near 400 °C, while the temperature at which W-Y2O3 exhibits plastic behavior is near 300 °C. The constitutive equation of their strain hardening stage shows that pure W followed the power function strengthening behavior dominated by Hollomon's equation, while W-Y2O3 shows logarithmic function strengthening behavior in the early stage of uniform plastic deformation, and the same power function strengthening behavior as that of pure W in the later stage of uniform plastic deformation. It follows that the addition of Y2O3 can significantly enhance the plasticity and toughness of W composites, while reducing their brittleness and ductile-brittle transition temperature.

Key words:  metal matrix composites      dispersion strengthening      high temperature tensile      ductile-brittle transition     
Received:  08 October 2024     
ZTFLH:  TG146.4+11  
Fund: Major International (Regional) Joint Research Program of China(52020105014);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51474083);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672065);Special Foundation for State Major Basic Research Program of China(2022YFE03140001);Special Foundation for State Major Basic Research Program of China(2022YFE03140004);Special Foundation for State Major Basic Research Program of China(2019YFE03120002);Special Foundation for State Major Basic Research Program of China(2022YFE03030003);National “New Materials and Technologies for Clean Energy” Program(B18018)
Corresponding Authors:  WU Yucheng, Tel: (0551)62905985, E-mail: ycwu@hfut.edu.cn

URL: 

https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.411     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2025/V39/I7/510

Fig.1  Dimensions of the tensile sample
Fig.2  Schematic diagram of the high temperature tensile test
Fig.3  SEM microstructure of W-Y2O3 sintered bulk at original state (a~c) and after rolling (d~l). (d~f) RD-TD surface, (g~i) RD-ND surface, (j~l) ND-TD surface. (a, d, g, j) The surface before corrosion, (b, c, e, f, h, i, k, l) the surface after corrosion
Fig.4  Relative proportion (a) and aspect ratio (b~d) of the grain at difference surface for the rolled W-Y2O3 composite materials
Fig.5  Engineering stress-strain curves of pure W and W-Y2O3 composites
T / oCPure WW-Y2O3
σs / MPaεp / %σs / MPaεp / %
300702.52.4458.06.1
400546.911.1436.521.3
500478.310.0376.730.3
600426.19.4338.332.7
800387.05.5278.230.7
Table 1  Tensile strength and the corresponding percentage elongation of pure W and W-Y2O3
Fig.6  Fracture morphologies of pure W after tensile test at 300 oC (a), 400 oC (b), 500 oC (c), 600 oC (d), and 800 oC (e)
Fig.7  Fracture morphologies of W-Y2O3 composite after tensile test at RT (a), 200 oC (b), 300 oC (c), 400 oC (d), 500 oC (e), 600 oC (f), and 800 oC (g)
Fig.8  Engineering stress-strain, true stress-strain curves and fitting curves of pure W at 400 oC and W-Y2O3 composite at 600 oC
Fig.9  True stress-strain curves and the corresponding fitting curves of pure W and W-Y2O3 composite at different temperature
T / oCK1n1K2n2εut / %
400781.70.109770.10.10210.3
500674.60.092664.60.0859.3
600574.00.085565.50.0798.8
800486.00.052477.10.0455.2
Table 2  Strength coefficients and strain-hardening exponents of the Hollomon's equation describing the relationship between true stress and true strain of pure W tensile test at different temperature
T / oCabKnεut / %
300//1228.20.32135.8
400139.7772.5818.50.261319.3
500126.8672.1712.80.278226.4
60096.1554.9651.40.293328.2
80080.2465.5531.30.274326.4
Table 3  Parameters of the constitutive equations describing the true stress-strain curves of W-Y2O3 composite tensile test at different temperature
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