Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Mechanical Property and Microstructure of a Low Carbon High Alloy Martensitic Bearing Steel during Tempering

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.095

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (8): 561-571 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.095

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Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Mechanical Property and Microstructure of a Low Carbon High Alloy Martensitic Bearing Steel during Tempering

Donghui LI¹,Zhimin LI²,Maoguo XIAO¹,Shaohong LI¹(

),Kunyu ZHAO¹,Maosheng YANG³

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering，Kunming University of Science and Technology，Kunming 650093, China
2. Yunnan College of Business Management, Kunming 650106，China
3. Institute for Special Steels，Central Iron and Steel Research Institute，Beijing 100081, China

Cite this article:

Donghui LI, Zhimin LI, Maoguo XIAO, Shaohong LI, Kunyu ZHAO, Maosheng YANG. Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Mechanical Property and Microstructure of a Low Carbon High Alloy Martensitic Bearing Steel during Tempering. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(8): 561-571.

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Abstract

The hardness and microstructure evolution of a low carbon and high alloy martensite bearing steel after deep cryogenic treatment were studied by means of Rockwell hardness tester, X-ray diffractometer, and scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the deep cryogenic treatment promotes the transformation of retained austenite to martensite, which leads to an increase in the hardness after quenching. In addition, the hardness of the steel subjected to deep cryogenic treatment was higher than that of the non-cryogenically treated one during tempering. The deep cryogenic treatment causes the carbon atoms in the steel to segregate and precipitate as carbides during the tempering process. Compared with the steel without deep cryogenic treatment, the carbon content in the martensite matrix of the steel subjected to deep cryogenic treatment was lower after tempering, which indicated that more carbides were precipitated in the deep cryogenic treated steel during the tempering process. According to the results of transmission electron microscope images, a large number of nano-sized M₂C and M₆C carbides precipitated from the martensite matrix during tempering, which may be the main reason for the maintenance of high hardness of the steel after longtime tempering.

Key words: metallic materials high alloy steel deep cryogenic treatment carbide retained austenite

Received: 03 February 2019

ZTFLH:

TG430.40

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51761022)

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	Donghui LI
	Zhimin LI
	Maoguo XIAO
	Shaohong LI
	Kunyu ZHAO
	Maosheng YANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.095 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2019/V33/I8/561

Table 1 Chemical composition of tested steel (%, mass fraction)

Table 2 Hardness of tested steel after different heat treatment processes

Fig.1 Hardness curves of tested steel during tempering at 510℃ after quenching and deep cryogenic treatment

Fig.2 SEM images of tested steel after different heat treatments (a) Q; (b) QC; (c) QT; (d) QCT

Fig.3 EDX spectrum of carbides in the tested steel

Table 3 Mass fraction of each element in the carbide (%)

Fig.4 TEM images of tested steel after different heat treatments (a) QT; (b) QCT

Fig.5 XRD diffraction spectrum of tested steel after different heat treatment processes

Table 4 Retained austenite content in tested steel after different heat treatments (%, mass fraction)

Fig.6 TEM images and diffraction patterns of tested steel after different heat treatments (a) Q; (b) QT; (c) QCT

Fig.7 Residual austenite size in TEM microstructure of experimental steel after different thermal processes

Fig.8 XRD spectrum of M (211) after Gaussian fitting

Table 5 Carbon content of martensite in tested steel after different cryogenic tempering treatments (%, mass fraction)

Fig.9 Morphology and Calibration of spheroidal carbides and electron diffraction patterns in tested steel after different heat treatment processes (a) QT; (b) QCT

Fig.10 Morphology and Calibration of acicular carbides and diffraction patterns precipitated in tested steel after different heat treatment processes (a) QC; (b) QCT

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