不同强度<strong>301L</strong>冷轧板激光对焊接头的组织和力学性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.476

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (7): 505-510 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.476

研究论文

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不同强度301L冷轧板激光对焊接头的组织和力学性能

范佳斐¹, 刘伟¹(

), 郭相忠¹, 李喜庆¹, 胡立国²

1.北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院北京 100044
2.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司长春 130062

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Butt Welded 301L Cold-rolled Plates of Different Strength

FAN Jiafei¹, LIU Wei¹(

), GUO Xiangzhong¹, LI Xiqing¹, HU Liguo²

1.School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
2.CRRC Chang Chun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd. , Changchun 130062, China

引用本文:

范佳斐, 刘伟, 郭相忠, 李喜庆, 胡立国. 不同强度301L冷轧板激光对焊接头的组织和力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(7): 505-510.
Jiafei FAN, Wei LIU, Xiangzhong GUO, Xiqing LI, Liguo HU. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Butt Welded 301L Cold-rolled Plates of Different Strength[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(7): 505-510.

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摘要:

研究了4级强度亚稳态奥氏体不锈钢301L-DLT、301L-ST、301L-MT和301L-HT冷轧薄板激光对焊接头的凝固组织和拉伸性能。激光焊缝以初始铁素体FA模式凝固，热裂敏感性较小；焊缝由垂直熔合线向内生长的柱状晶组成，没有中心等轴晶粒区。焊缝组织中有奥氏体和板条状、骨架状和蠕虫状铁素体，无杂质、热裂纹和析出相。一次铁素体枝晶臂的平均间距约为17.5 μm，平均铁素体量为5.7%(体积分数)。焊缝的硬度为208~241HV，低于301L-ST、301L-MT和301L-HT板材的硬度。301L-DLT和301L-ST板激光焊件的拉伸断裂位置在母材内，301L-MT和301L-HT板焊件的断裂位置在焊缝内，焊缝金属的断裂强度为886 MPa和921 MPa。301L-HT板焊件的塑性较低，其余三种强度冷轧板激光焊件的拉伸性能都达到了JIS G 4305标准中相应强度冷轧301L板材的力学性能。

关键词 ：金属材料, 冷轧301L, 激光对焊, 凝固组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

The microstructure and tensile properties of laser butt welding joints for cold-rolled plates of metastable austenitic stainless steel with four grades of strength were investigated, namely 301L-DLT, 301L-ST, 301L-MT and 301L-HT. The laser molten pool solidifies as primary ferrites and the formed weld bead presents low thermal cracking susceptibility, which is composed of columnar grains that grew vertically inward from the fusion boundary, but a central equiaxed grain region is absent. Microstructure of the weld seam consists of austenite and lathy, skeleton- and vermicular-ferrite, while no impurities, hot cracking and precipitates were detected. The average spacing of the primary ferrite dendritic arms is approximately 17.5 μm, and the average ferrite amount is 5.7% (volume fraction). The hardness of weld seam is 208~241HV, which is lower than the hardness of 301L-ST, 301L-MT and 301L-HT plates. The tensile fracture of laser weld joints of 301L-DLT and 301L-ST occurs within the base metal, and that of 301L-MT and 301L-HT takes place in the weld seam, correspondingly their fracture strength is 886 MPa and 921 MPa respectively. Except for the lower plasticity of the 301L-HT weld joint, the tensile properties of weld joint of the other three steels all meet the requirements of mechanical properties in JIS G 4305 standard for the cold-rolled 301L plates of the relevant strength grade.

Key words： metallic materials cold-rolled 301L plates laser butt weld solidification microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2019-10-15

ZTFLH:

TG457.1

基金资助:中国铁路总公司科技研发项目(2017J011-C)

作者简介: 范佳斐，男，1993年生，博士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.476 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I7/505

表1 301L板材的化学成分

表2 301L板材的力学性能

图1 激光焊接拉伸试样的尺寸

图2 激光焊接接头的显微组织

图3 不同强度激光焊接301L冷轧板的显微硬度分布

图4 不同强度激光焊接301L冷轧板的拉伸曲线

图5 激光对焊的4种强度301L冷轧板的拉伸断裂位置

图6 激光焊缝和冷轧板材的断口形貌

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