Porous carbon materials were fabricated by a dual-templating method, using non-woven polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics as the hard template and Pluronic F127 as the soft template, with soluble phenolic resol as the carbon precursor. There exists meso pores of 4~6 nm resulted from decomposition of F127 and macro pores of 10~15 μm resulted from decomposition of PET fabric in the prepared hierarchical porous materials. The conductivity can be reduced from 1.63×10⁴ Ωm to 3.13×10^-3 Ωm by properly adjusting the carbonization process parameter. This porous carbon sheet can be directly used as an electrode for Li-ion battery without any conductive additive or binder, and has very stable capacity.

The effect of carbon content on microstructure, texture and hydrogen permeation behavior of an ultra-low carbon Ti-bearing steel for enameling was investigated by means of transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) test and electrochemical hydrogen permeation experiment. It was found that the strength of the annealed steel sheets increases with the increasing carbon content, but little difference for the n value; the elongation and r value show a trend of decrease with the increase of carbon content; corresponding to the r value, the γ-fiber texture of the annealed steel sheets was weakened gradually with the increase of carbon content. The hydrogen diffusion coefficient, D_L decreases with the increasing of carbon content, when carbon content below 0.004%, D_L is lower than the critical value, thereby the fish-scaling resistance for the steel sheet cannot be guaranteed for the enameling process.

Indentation size effect on the hardness measurement of hot-pressed 80%B₄C/TiB₂ and 20%B₄C/TiB₂ (in volume fraction) was investigated, while the indentation morphology was also characterized. In comparison with 20%B₄C/TiB₂, 80%B₄C/TiB₂ possesses higher relative density and hardness, but lower toughness. The two ceramics exhibit clearly the indentation size effect (ISE), whereby the measured hardness decreases with the increasing load. However, a slight increase of the measured hardness for 80%B₄C/TiB₂ with the increasing load, which may be ascribed to the crack occurrence for indentations during loading. The observed ISE-phenomena for the two ceramics can be described via several existing theory models, however among them the modified proportional specimen resistance model is the most suitable one. Accordingly, the ISE-degree for 80%B₄C/TiB₂ ceramic is slightly stronger than that for 20%B₄C/TiB₂ ceramic, while the true hardness of 80%B₄C/TiB₂ ceramic should be 4.4~6.5 GPa higher than that of 20%B₄C/TiB₂ ceramic.

Novel intumescent flame retarding polypropylene based composites were synthesized with silica-gel microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (OS-MCAPP) and tris (2-hydrooxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC) as intumescent flame retardants, while porous nickel phosphate (VSB-1) or nickel phosphate nanotubes (NiPO-NT) as synergist agent. Results show that with the addition of 4.0% VSB-1 or 3.0% NiPO-NT (in mass fraction), the composites show the optimal LOI value of 34.2, while the peak heat release rate reduced respectively by 40.7% and 38.1% in comparison with that of the composite without synergist. Moreover, these two composites show better thermal stability at 700℃ with residue mass of 207% and 239%, respectively, higher than that of the composite without synergist.

Powder of nano Ni-Zn ferrite was doped with Co²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ respectively with hydrothermal method, which then was characterized by means of XRD, TEM, and VNA in terms of the doping effect on the particle size, morphology, and electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the doped powders. Meanwhile, plain nanometer Co-Ni-Zn ferrite was also prepared by hydrothermal method for varying Co²⁺ content. Results show that after doping, the particle morphology changed from spherical one to irregular quadrilateral one with the average particle size 35~60 nm. The lattice constant also increases from 0.8404 to 0.8352 nm for Co²⁺ doping. The Co^{2 +} doping can change the position of the absorption peaks, increase the bandwidth of the absorber, and improve the performance of the materials in GHz low frequencies. The doping ratio of Mn²⁺ can affect the lattice constant of the nano Ni-Zn ferrite, but nano particles are easy to agglomerate, thus Mn²⁺doping exhibited negative effect on the absorbance performance. For the doping of Cu²⁺, particles are still apt to agglomerate, however, with a dopant dose of 0.15Cu²⁺(atomic fraction), the absorbing performance of nano Ni-Zn ferrite powder became better.

Expandable graphite (EG) was modified by using alumina-sol (Al-sol), then the semi-rigid polyurethane foam (SRPUF), EG doped SRPUF and Al-sol modified EG doped SRPUF were prepared respectively by one step method. The prepared Al-sol modified EG was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The tensile property and flame retardance of the prepared foams were examined with tensile testing machine and oxygen index tester respectively. The results show that the surface of EG was coated with the Al-sol after modification; For the same doping amount of 12% (mass fraction), the mechanical property of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG was better than that with the plain EG; Among others, the flame retardance of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG is the best with limiting oxygen index of 27.6% and horizontal burning level of grade HF-1. The SRPUFs before and after burnt were examined by means of XRD, SEM and TEM, it follows that the enhancement of flame resistance of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG may be ascribed to the following facts, i.e. the release of crystal water, crystal-phase transformation and the release of non-flammable gas of the Al-sol on the top surface of EG, besides, the Al-sol can also play important role as binding agent for fixing the worms-like graphite.

A new phthalocyanine cyano bisphenol compound PPCN was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction with phenolphthalein (PP) and 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile as raw material and then reacts with epichlorohydrin to synthesize phthalocyanine cyano group epoxy resin. The structure of the target product is verified by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The curing performance and kinetics of PPCE/methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) were investigated by DSC. The apparent activation energy evaluated according to Kissinger model is 57.78 kJ/mol, and the calculated reaction order is 0.76 based on Crane method. The results of the DMA and TGA show that the cured resin possesses excellent thermos-stability with a glass transition temperature 179℃ for the completely cured resin, and the activation energy of the thermos-degradation process is 52.88 kJ/mol and 13.21 kJ/mol for temperature ranges 327℃~357℃ and 357℃~574℃ respectively.

Mg-Al alloy was prepared via mechanical alloying under hydrogen atmosphere protection, and then the influence of doping substance such as: boron (B), single-layer graphene (SG) and multi-layer graphene (MG) (in 5%, mass fraction) respectively on the hydrogen storage property of Mg-Al alloy was investigated systematically. The results show that the prepared alloy is mainly composed of Mg₁₇Al₁₂, while the hydrogen storage performance for the Mg-Al alloy is improved obviously by doping graphene SG and MG respectively. The initial desorption temperature for Mg-Al-5 (SG and MG) alloy is 64 K and 82 K lower than that of the plain Mg-Al alloy (575 K), and correspondingly their dehydrogenation peak temperature was 76 K and 74 K lower. Besides, with the incorporation of SG and MG, the apparent activation energy of the Mg-Al alloy decreases from 328.9 kJ/mol to 231.5 kJ/mol and 289.4 kJ/mol respectively.

The fracture behavior of weld join of steel 316LN by impact test was investigated in terms of macro and micro perspectives, while a numerical model based on cohesive finite element method (CFEM) was presented to describe the effect of microstructure on the fracture behavior of the weld joint of steel 316LN. Based on microstructure images acquired from the experiments, three types of typical microstructure such as equiaxial-, columnar- and dendritic sub-grains were numerically modeled. The crack propagation paths in the three types of microstructure were simulated, and which then were compared with the experimental results. It follows that the observed fracture behavior can be interpreted quite well by the prediction of the simulation.

Fibrous particles of nickel oxalate salt were prepared by wet chemical method under the action of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) using NiCl₂ solution as original liquid and (NH4)₂C₂O₄ solution as precipitant reagents, and which then were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser granularity analyzer. The effect of PEMF parameters on the morphology and powder size of nickel oxalate salt was examined and the relevant mechanism model of interaction between PEMF and reaction system was preliminarily disccussed. Results show that in comparison to the conventional precipitation method, the feeding speed for the present process can be enhanced from 2 mL/min to 5 mL/min, and the aspect ratio of fibrous particles of nickel oxalate salt increased from 7:1 to 25:1 for the produced fibrous particles under PEMF with voltage 600 V, frequency 4 Hz and treatment time 3 min. Besides, not obvious agglomeration could be seen for the products. Finally, the desired fibrous particles of nickel oxalate salt could be prepared by a process in solutions with ammonia to nickel within a range of 0.5 to 2.5 and with appropriate PEMF parameters.

Three type of CeO₂ particles was produced by precipitation method. Then the microstructure and oxygen species of CeO₂ particles were characterized by means of XRD, nitrogen adsorption, SEM and H₂-TPR. While their catalytic activity was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). Results show that the subgrain dimensions of the prepared three types of CeO₂ are 8 nm, 11 nm and 20 nm and the corresponding BET surface areas are 89m²/g, 68m²/g and 63m²/grespectively. The pore volumes and diameters of CeO₂ particles consistently changed with BET surface areas. In comparison with the plain diesel particulate matter (PM), the ones with addition of CeO₂ particles could exhibited higher activity for the oxidation of transitional soot precursor within PM, correspondingly the temperature related with the initial mass-loss of dry soot decreased by 152℃、137℃ and 121℃ and the temperature of the mass-loss peak decreased by 187℃、110℃ and 103℃ respectively, meanwhile the peak mass-loss rate increased. The microstructure of CeO₂ particles played a significant role in the formation of oxygen lattice vacancy. In general, CeO₂ particles has smaller subgrain size and larger BET surface areas, thus will exhibited better catalytic activity for the oxidation of PM.