不同碳源多孔碳纤维制备及其吸附性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (5): 379-386 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

不同碳源多孔碳纤维制备及其吸附性能

胡秀丽,姚霞喜,张文君,纪网金,穆加成,雍钰雯,王旭红(

)

常熟理工学院化学与材料工程学院常熟 215500

Preparation of Porous Carbon Fibers with Different Carbon Sources and Their Adsorption Properties

Xiuli HU,Xiaxi YAO,Wenjun ZHANG,Wangjin JI,Jiacheng MU,Yuwen YONG,Xuhong WANG(

)

School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China

引用本文:

胡秀丽,姚霞喜,张文君,纪网金,穆加成,雍钰雯,王旭红. 不同碳源多孔碳纤维制备及其吸附性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(5): 379-386.
Xiuli HU, Xiaxi YAO, Wenjun ZHANG, Wangjin JI, Jiacheng MU, Yuwen YONG, Xuhong WANG. Preparation of Porous Carbon Fibers with Different Carbon Sources and Their Adsorption Properties[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(5): 379-386.

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摘要:

先用静电纺丝法制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)基高分子纤维，然后将其碳化制备出不同碳源的多孔碳纤维材料。使用X-射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪和N₂吸脱附分析仪等手段表征了碳纤维材料的结构和性能。结果表明，PAN基碳纤维的比表面积最大(113.5 m²/g)、微孔较多，对刚果红的吸附量最大(560.2 g/kg)。根据吸附动力学模型和吸附等温线的分析结果，碳纤维对刚果红的吸附属单层吸附。结果还表明，温度越高材料的吸附速率越高但是吸附量没有明显的变化；在酸性条件下PVA基碳纤维保持较高的吸附活性，而PAN基碳纤维则与之相反；刚果红水溶液的pH值对PVP基碳纤维吸附活性的影响很小。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 碳纤维, 静电纺丝, 吸附, 温度, pH值

Abstract：

Three polymer fibers were prepared via electrospinning method with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) respectively as raw materials, and then carbon fibers with porous morphology were obtained by carbonizing the above three polymer fibers in nitrogen gas. The physical-chemical properties of the obtained carbon fibers were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm. The results show that the PAN-based carbon fiber has the largest specific surface area of 113.5 m²/g and the maximum adsorption capacity of about 560.2 g/kg on Congo red; Meanwhile, the effect of temperature and pH values on the adsorption properties of carbon fibers was also investigated. The results demonstrate that the higher the temperature is, the faster the adsorption rate is, while there is no significant change in the adsorption capacity; With the varying pH value of Congo red containing solutions, the three carbon fibers presented different adsorption performance: namely, in acidic solutions the PVA-based carbon fibers can maintain a high adsorption capacity, while the behavior of the PAN-based carbon fiber is just the opposite, however, the varying pH value of the Congo red solution had little effect on the adsorption activity of the PVP-based carbon fiber.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials carbon fiber electrospinning method adsorption temperatures pH values

收稿日期: 2018-09-18

ZTFLH:

TQ343

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51702022, 51702023);江苏省高校自然科学基金(17KJB430001)

作者简介: 胡秀丽，女，1987年生，博士，讲师

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链接本文:

https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2019/V33/I5/379

图1 聚合物纤维的红外光谱

表1 聚合物纤维的理化性质

图2 聚合物纤维的TG分析

图3 各碳纤维的N2吸脱附曲线、孔径分布图和比表面积对比

图4 不同碳纤维的XRD谱

图5 碳纤维的吸附时间与吸附量的关系

表2 碳纤维对刚果红染料各时间段的去除率

图6 碳纤维的准一阶吸附动力学、准二阶吸附动力学和内吸附动力学

表3 动力学模型参数

表4 内吸附动力学模型参数

图7 Langmuir吸附等温线和Freundlich吸附等温线

表5 吸附等温线模型参数

图8 温度对 PVA、PVP和 PAN基碳纤维吸附性能的影响

图9 水溶液的pH值对碳纤维吸附性能的影响

图10 PAN碳基纤维及刚果红吸附前后官能团对比

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