Dynamic compression tests of the as-extruded 6013-T4 Al-alloy were carried out via split Hopkinson pressure bar at room temperature with strain rates ranging from 1×10³ s^-1 to 3×10³ s^-1. The results show that the alloy exhibits obvious strain hardening and positive strain rate sensitivity. The density of the dislocation increases with the increasing strain and strain rate. High strain rate and large strain deformation lead to the pile-up of dislocations. Under the same impact condition, the 0° specimen displays the highest stress level, and the 45° specimen has the lowest one. The Schmid factors for each type of the main texture components were calculated. The max Schmid factors are 0.27 for 0°, 45° and 90° specimens, and 0.49 and 0.41 for {112}<111> texture; they are 0.27, 0.43 and 0.41 for {110}<111> texture. The Schmid factors of 0° specimens are always the smallest, which results in a higher stress level. When the specimens were dynamic compressed under the same strain and strain rate, the dislocation density of 0° specimen is the highest. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the strain rate sensitivity, anisotropic mechanical behavior and microstructure evolution in the material selection and structural design of components subjected impact loads.