Cr对Ni<sub>3</sub>Si合金摩擦学性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2017.176

材料研究学报

2018, Vol. 32

Issue (5): 395-400 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2017.176

研究论文

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Cr对Ni₃Si合金摩擦学性能的影响

牛牧野^1,², 张兴华^1,²(

), 赵海成¹, 夏宇¹, 刘佳杰¹

1 江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院镇江 212003
2 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室兰州 730000

Effect of Cr Addition on Tribological Properties of Ni₃Si Alloys

Muye NIU^1,², Xinghua ZHANG^1,²(

), Haicheng ZHAO¹, Yu XIA¹, Jiajie LIU¹

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

引用本文:

牛牧野, 张兴华, 赵海成, 夏宇, 刘佳杰. Cr对Ni₃Si合金摩擦学性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2018, 32(5): 395-400.
Muye NIU, Xinghua ZHANG, Haicheng ZHAO, Yu XIA, Jiajie LIU. Effect of Cr Addition on Tribological Properties of Ni₃Si Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2018, 32(5): 395-400.

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摘要:

用电弧熔炼法制备Ni₃Si合金,添加Cr和痕量B以改善合金的塑性,研究了Ni₃Si合金的显微组织、相组成以及摩擦学性能。结果表明,纯Ni₃Si合金主要由β₁-Ni₃Si相和γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂相组成;添加质量分数为5%的Cr使合金转变成γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂相和α-Ni相;进一步提高Cr含量使合金的组成为γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂和Cr₃Ni₅Si₂相。添加Cr使合金的硬度呈现上升趋势,其中含10%Cr的合金硬度最高,约为700 HV;在干滑动摩擦过程中合金的摩擦系数为0.5左右,磨损率均远低于316不锈钢,其中含5%Cr的合金磨损率最低;随着载荷的增加Ni₃Si合金和含Cr 5%的镍硅合金,其磨损机理由磨粒磨损转变成粘着磨损,添加10% Cr的镍硅合金的磨损机理为疲劳磨损。

关键词 ：金属材料, 金属间化合物, 电弧熔炼, 显微结构, 摩擦学性能

Abstract：

Ni₃Si alloys were microalloyed via arc melting with small amounts of Cr and B for improving their mechanical properties. The microstructure, phase composition and tribological property of Ni₃Si alloys were investigated. Results show that Ni₃Si alloy was mainly composed of β₁-Ni₃Si and γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂phases; with the increasing Cr-conten the phase composition was changed to γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂ and α-Ni, and then changed to γ-Ni₃₁Si₁₂ and Cr₃Ni₅Si₂; the microhardness increased along with the increasing Cr-content; during the dry sliding friction the friction coefficients of the alloys were about 0.5 and their wear rates were much lower than that of 316 stainless steel. The optimum addition of Cr for the best tribological property of the Ni₃Si alloy was 5% Cr (in mass fraction). With the increasing load the wear mechanisms of Ni₃Si alloys with 0% and 5% Cr exhibited significant change from abrasive wear to adhesive wear. The wear mechanisms of the alloys with 10% Cr were all the fatigue wear within the range of the test load.

Key words： metallic materials intermetallic compounds arc melting microstructures tribological properties

收稿日期: 2017-03-07

基金资助:资助项目江苏省高校自然科学基金(15KJB460007)、国家自然科学基金(51505199)和江苏省自然科学基金(BK20140511)

作者简介:

作者简介牛牧野,男,1982年生,讲师

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2017.176 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2018/V32/I5/395

表1 元素粉末的化学组成

图1 Cr含量为0、5%和10%的Ni3Si合金的表面形貌

图2 Ni3Si合金的XRD图谱

图3 Ni3Si合金的显微硬度

图4 在0.30 m/s条件下Ni3Si合金和316不锈钢的摩擦系数随载荷的变化

图5 在0.30 m/s条件下Ni3Si合金和316不锈钢的磨损率随载荷的变化

图6 Ni3Si合金在0.30 m/s和5 N条件下磨斑的扫描电镜照片

图7 Ni3Si合金在0.30 m/s和10 N条件下磨斑的扫描电镜照片

图8 Ni3Si合金在0.30 m/s,15 N条件下的磨斑扫描电镜照片

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