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材料研究学报  2017, Vol. 31 Issue (11): 847-852    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.292
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
基于共凝聚PTFE/炭黑粒子复合材料的制备和性能
张识介1, 李秋影1(), 车延超2, 吴驰飞1, 郭卫红1
1 华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200237。
2 山西福诺欧新材料科技股份有限公司太原 030900。
Preparation and Properties of Composites of Carbon Black Reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene Prepared by a Two-step Process
Shijie ZHANG1, Qiuying LI1(), Yanchao CHE2, Chifei WU1, Weihong GUO1
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237,China.
2 Shanxi Funuoou New Materials Technology Co., Ltd, Taiyuan 030900, China.
引用本文:

张识介, 李秋影, 车延超, 吴驰飞, 郭卫红. 基于共凝聚PTFE/炭黑粒子复合材料的制备和性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(11): 847-852.
Shijie ZHANG, Qiuying LI, Yanchao CHE, Chifei WU, Weihong GUO. Preparation and Properties of Composites of Carbon Black Reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene Prepared by a Two-step Process[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(11): 847-852.

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摘要: 

在不使用凝聚剂的情况下采用下压式机械搅拌方式使聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)乳液和炭黑(CB)共凝聚,得到颗粒大小均匀的PTFE/CB粒子,然后用冷压成型和高温烧结工艺制备PTFE/CB复合材料,研究了烧结温度和CB含量对PTFE/CB复合材料的力学性能、导电性能和结晶度的影响。结果表明,烧结温度为390oC时复合材料中形成了均匀分布的微纤结构,力学性能最好;CB的填充明显提高了PTFE的力学性能和导电性能,当CB含量(质量分数)为2%时复合材料的力学性能最佳,拉伸强度从19.1 MPa增加至27.3 MPa,断裂伸长率从420%增加到525%。CB含量提高到3 %的PTFE/CB复合材料结晶度最大,且CB在PTFE基体中形成了导电网络,电导率出现“逾渗”,PTFE/CB复合材料具有抗静电性能。

关键词 聚合物基复合材料高性能共凝聚聚四氟乙烯    
Abstract

Uniform complex particles of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/carbon black (CB) were firstly hetero-coagulated without additives of non-ionic surfactant by mechanical stirring. Then composites of PTFE/CB with better properties were successfully prepared via cold pressing and sintering method with complex particles of PTFE/CB as raw material. The effect of sintering temperature and the CB amount on properties of composites PTFE/CB was investigated. Results show that the optimum sintering temperature was 390oC, and the mechanical properties of composite PTFE/CB sintered at 390oC exhibited significantly better mechanical properties due to the formation of good micro-fibrous structure. Among others, with the CB addition of 2 mass%, the composite exhibited the best mechanical properties, i.e. its tensile strength increased from 19.1 MPa to 27.3 MPa and the elongation at break increased from 420% to 525%. Importantly, the electrical conductivity could reach the percolation threshold for the composite with 3 mass % CB due to the formation of a conductive network in the PTFE/CB matrix. Therefore, it follows that the composite of PTFE with 3 mass % CB can possess high degree of crystallinity with appropriate antistatic performance.

Key wordspolymer based composites    high performance    heterocoagulation    polytetrafluoroethylene
收稿日期: 2016-05-30     
作者简介:

张识介,女,1990年生,硕士

Solid
content/%
Average particle
size/µm
Density
/g·mL-1
pH
26 0.3 1.12 5~6
表1  PTFE乳液的性能指标
图1  PTFE乳液和PTFE/CB复合材料的SEM照片
图2  烧结温度对PTFE/CB复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响
图3  烧结温度对PTFE/CB复合材料表面形貌的影响
图4  炭黑含量对PTFE/CB复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响
图5  炭黑含量对PTFE/CB复合材料断面形貌的影响
图6  炭黑含量对PTFE/CB复合材料电导率的影响
CB content/% 0 2 3 4 6 8
Crystallinity/% 66.2 65.4 88.2 75.1 68.0 59.1
表2  炭黑含量对PTFE/CB复合材料结晶度的影响
图7  碳含量对PTFE/CB复合材料损耗因子(tanδ)的影响
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