低温低压电弧等离子体渗氮处理316不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.291

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (2): 81-87 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.291

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

低温低压电弧等离子体渗氮处理316不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能

杨文进^1,²,赵彦辉²(

),沈明礼²,刘占奇²,肖金泉²,宫骏²,于宝海²,孙超²

1 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院合肥 230027
2 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Corrosion Resistance of 316 Stainless Steel after Low-temperature Low-pressure Arc Plasma Nitriding

Wenjin YANG^1,²,Yanhui ZHAO²(

),Mingli SHEN²,Zhanqi LIU²,Jinquan XIAO²,Jun GONG²,Baohai YU²,Chao SUN²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230027, China
2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

杨文进,赵彦辉,沈明礼,刘占奇,肖金泉,宫骏,于宝海,孙超. 低温低压电弧等离子体渗氮处理316不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(2): 81-87.
Wenjin YANG, Yanhui ZHAO, Mingli SHEN, Zhanqi LIU, Jinquan XIAO, Jun GONG, Baohai YU, Chao SUN. Corrosion Resistance of 316 Stainless Steel after Low-temperature Low-pressure Arc Plasma Nitriding[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(2): 81-87.

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摘要:

在低温下对316奥氏体不锈钢进行低压电弧等离子体渗氮处理,研究了渗氮处理对不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：渗氮层有两个子层,由纳米晶扩张奥氏体和少量的CrN化合物组成的外表层和单一结构的扩张奥氏体内层。由于低压电弧等离子体浓度高,在400℃渗氮1 h得到的渗氮层厚度达到15 μm,表现出很高的渗氮速率。纳米晶外表层是渗氮不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的关键,促进了钝化膜的生成,渗氮后试样表面形成的钝化膜厚度达到27 nm,比原始不锈钢钝化膜的2倍还多。渗氮不锈钢试样的腐蚀电流(3.55×10^-8 A/cm²)比基材的腐蚀电流(1.99×10^-7 A/cm²)降低一个数量级,表明渗氮后试样的耐腐蚀性能提高了。

关键词 ：材料失效与保护, 低压电弧等离子体渗氮, 纳米晶扩张奥氏体, 渗氮速率, 耐腐蚀性能

Abstract：

Low-pressure arc plasma nitriding is a novel rapid plasma nitriding process which can significantly enhance wear and corrosion resistance of austenite stainless steels. In this study, low temperature (~ 400℃) nitriding was applied to AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel (316 SS). A nitriding layer of 15 μm thickness was obtained just after 1 h processing, which is composed of an outer thin sublayer of nanocrystalline expanded austenite (nano-γ_N) with a trace of Cr nitrides and an inner thick coarse-grained expanded austenite (γ_N) sublayer. The thin surface nanolayer plays the key role in corrosion resistance of the nitrided layer, which promotes the formation of passive film. And the thickness of the passive film formed on the surface of the nitrided steel is 27 nm, which is two times over that on the bare 316 stainless steel. The corrosion current of nitrided steel is 3.55×10^-8 A/cm² in 3.5% NaCl solution, c.a. one order of magnitude lower than that of the untreated 316 austenite stainless steel (1.99×10^-7 A/cm²), which indicated that the nitrided layer had a lower corrosion rate. The pitting corrosion potential was not detected via electrochemical polarization experiments, exhibiting a better pitting corrosion resistance of the nitrided steel.

Key words： materials failure and protection low-pressure arc plasma nitriding nano-crystalline expanded austenite nitriding kinetics corrosion resistance

收稿日期: 2016-05-26

基金资助:国家自然科学基金 (51171197)

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链接本文:

https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.291 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I2/81

图1 低压电弧等离子体渗氮装置示意图

图2 渗氮样品的截面SEM像和氮元素深度分布曲线

图3 渗氮及未渗氮样品的XRD图谱

图4 渗氮样品最外表层和次表层的TEM像和SAED谱

图5 不同样品在3.5% NaCl 溶液中浸泡48 h后的表面形貌

表1 试样的腐蚀电压、腐蚀电流和点蚀电位

图6 样品的动电位极化曲线图

图7 渗氮层的元素深度分布

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